First fatal cases in 35 years
Pennsylvania health officials announced Tuesday that two unvaccinated residents of Lancaster County have died from measles, marking the first fatal cases of the disease in the state in 35 years. The individuals' ages and identities were not released to protect their privacy. The deaths are also the first measles-related fatalities in the US this year.[S1][S2][S3][S4]
Pennsylvania has seen a significant rise in measles cases, with 393 confirmed across 29 counties, primarily in Lancaster County. Nearby states, including Maryland and New York, have also reported outbreaks, prompting vaccination urges. Maryland declared an outbreak in three counties with 31 cases, while New York has seen an uptick in cases.[S2][S4]
Vaccination rates below herd immunity
In Lancaster County, where a significant Amish population resides, kindergarten vaccination rates fall short of the desired 95% threshold for herd immunity, ranging from 85-88%. Nationwide, vaccination rates for kindergarteners have decreased, while exemptions have reached a record high. This year, the US has reported 2,777 measles cases, exceeding the previous year's total of 2,289.[S1][S3]
The measles virus poses significant risks, including severe pneumonia and brain inflammation, with up to 20% of cases requiring hospital care. Fortunately, the MMR vaccine offers approximately 97% protection with two doses, making it the most effective defense against measles, according to health officials.[S2][S4]
Policy changes and elimination status at risk
The deaths come amid controversial policy changes. President Donald Trump signed an executive order calling for fewer childhood vaccinations and splitting the MMR vaccine into three shots, a move public health experts worry will cause confusion. Health Secretary Robert F Kennedy Jr, a vaccine skeptic, has shared mixed messaging on the vaccine.[S1]
Measles elimination status for the US is under threat, with a decision due in November from an international panel. Neighboring Canada lost its status last year. To mitigate this, health officials are advising individuals to verify their vaccination status and receive the necessary shots if they are not current.[S1][S2]
